Multi-Tenancy Approach in PostgreSQL

In the age of SaaS and cloud-based services, applications often cater to multiple clients, each with their distinct sets of data. Ensuring data isolation and privacy becomes paramount in this multi-client environment. Historically, multi-tenancy has been a favored design pattern where a single software instance serves multiple customers. However, the traditional approach of creating separate databases for each client to ensure data isolation comes with its own set of challenges:

Database Limitations: Many database systems or hosted DBaaS (Database as a Service) offerings have limitations on the number of databases that can be spun up in a single instance or cluster. This restricts scalability, especially for platforms with a growing user base.

Resource Overhead: Maintaining separate databases for each client can be resource-intensive. Not only does it require more storage, but the overhead of managing, backing up, and monitoring multiple databases also increases.

Operational Complexity: Deploying schema updates or performing data migrations across multiple databases can become complex and error-prone. Ensuring consistency across all client databases is crucial, yet challenging.

Given these constraints, there’s a clear need for a solution that offers data isolation without the overhead of multiple…